Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Cream Containing

Nyctanthes arbortristis

Payal M. Oak

Department of Pharmaceutics, Gourishankar Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Limb, Satara

*Corresponding Author E-mail: payaloak88@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

The aim of this study was formulating and evaluate herbal cosmetic cream for improvement of skin as well as nourishing, moisturizing, lightning. In India, the concept of using herbs for beautification find its origin in tradition medicine literature like Ayurveda. The Herbal cosmetic cream formulation was designed by using extract of Nyctanthes Arbor-tristis (night jasmine) and Myristica fragrans (Nutmeg). Formulated Herbal cream also contain high percentage of vitamin E, it is helpful for treatment of dry skin. evaluation tests were performed to establish the stability of formulated herbal cream. pH of Herbal cream is 6.9 that is not more acidic not more basic. This semisolid cream has good separability. Formulated cream no visible signs of physical instability such as cracking, creaming phase inversion. Investigated herbal cream showed satisfactory organoleptic physico-chemical characteristics. The herbal cream is safe to use was proved and it can be used as provision of a barrier to protect skin.

KEYWORDS: Herbal cosmetics, Nctanthes Arbor-tristis, Myristica fragrans, Vitamin E, pH, organoleptic physicochemical.

INTRODUCTION:

The herbal cosmetics have growing demand in world market and is a valuable gift of nature. Now a days the usefulness of herbs in cosmeceutical production has been extensively increased in personal care system. Herbal cosmetic has less side effect due to natural ingredients [1]. Herbal cosmetics are generous, and they give less side effects, so they are more popular and acceptable. The basic idea of skin care cosmetics lies deep in Rigveda, Yajurveda, Ayurveda. The herbs have various properties like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory [1]. Night jasmine is vital element of herbal cream. Biological classification of night jasmin (Oleaceae) [4].

Flowers of night jasmine contain essential oil, D mannitol, glucose, oleanolic acid, methyl salicylate. Vitamin E is also defined as thirty naturally occurring molecules all of which exhibit its activity. It plays an important role in arresting of chain propagation and lipid peroxidation by scavenging liquid peroxyl radicals. Therefore, were on protecting the cell membrane from destruction is its major role [5]. Herbal cream is designed to improve and maintain the skin barrier function and help to prevent dry skin. [6].

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Chemicals:

Flowers and nutmegs are collected from Satara region and Other chemicals such as Petroleum jelly (Cool Cosmetics Pvt. Ltd., India), Bicarbonic acid (Huhtamaki Ppl. Ltd, India.), Rose water (Oriflame Pvt. Ltd., India), Vitamin E (Merck Limited, India), preservatives, all materials were obtained commercially and used as such.

Preparation of extract:

Night jasmine extraction-Firstly take 5g of accurately weighed night jasmine and dry it. After drying jasmine flower, 0.5g of dried flower is added in 5ml of water and heated on water bath at 100°C up to 2ml extract, filtrate the extract using filter paper. Extract is shown in figure1.

Nutmeg extraction- Take a nutmeg, grind it equally, then weigh 0.5g of nutmeg powder accurately. Take that weighed 0.5g nutmeg powder and boil it with 5ml of water on water bath at 100°C up to 2ml extract, filtrate the extract using filter paper. Extract is shown in figure 2. Take both extract we have formulated, mix them together and boiled until they get concentrated until 2ml [1].

Formulation and preparation:

The emulsifier and oil soluble components (petroleum jelly, vitamin E, fruit vinegar) were dissolved in oil phase and heated upto 80°-100°C and in other which is water soluble compounds (night jasmine extract, nutmeg extract, rose water) were dissolved and heated upto 80-100°C. There are two phases phase A which is oil soluble and phase B which is water soluble. The aqueous phase is slowly added into oil phase with continue stirring in one direction. Stop stirring when it seems to be partly solid.

Evaluation of cream:

Physical properties:

Cream was kept under observation for color, odor and appearance.

pH of Herbal cream:

The pH of prepared cream is 6.9. pH of formulated cream is determined by using pH paper. The pH between 4.5 to 7 suitable for skin. Due to neutral pH, herbal cream has property of anti irritant and anti fungal [3]

Patch test:

About 1g cream was taken and applied to the sensitive part of skin (behind ear) and spread it. This test had been done in order to determine whether it causes allergic inflammation to the skin, after this test it has been proved safe.[1]

Spreadability test:

Cream base should easily spread without dragging much and should not produce greater friction in rubbing process. A special apparatus has been designed to study spreadability of formulation. Spreadability is expressed in second. Spreadability of the herbal cream was measured by 10g of cream on circle of 1.5cm diameter premarket on glass plate for 1min. The diameter of circle after spreading of the cream was determined. The spreadablity was then calculated from the given formula,

Spreadability = m × l /t

m = weight tied to upper slide (10gm).

l = length of glass slide (1.5cm).

t= time taken in seconds.

Test for microbial growth in formulated cream:

The formulated cream was inoculated on the plates of Muller Hinton agar media by streak plate method and a control was prepared by omitting the cream. The plates were placed in to incubator and incubate at 37˚C for 24 hours. After incubation period, plates were taken out and check microbial growth by comparing it with control. Herbal cream has neutral pH due to this there is no microbial growth in the cream. [2]

Determination of homogeneity:

The formulation were tested for the homogeneity by visual appearance and touch. [2]

Determination of emollience:

Emollience, slipperiness and amount of residue left after the application of fixed amount of cream was checked. [2]

RESULT AND DISCUSSION:

The cream prepared was found to be of pink color and had pleasant odor. Formulated cream was homogenous and smooth and consistent in nature. After many tests this product has been proved safe due to herbal extracts in it and no harmful chemicals used in it as well as it is not synthetic. It has neutral pH so as it matches to the pH of skin. No allergic inflammation noticed during or after testing of this cream. Investigated herbal cream showed satisfactory organoleptic physico-chemical characteristics. It also increases skin moisturization without changing value of skin pH.

CONCLUSION:

The herbal cosmetic products are best option to reduce skin problems like pigmentation, skin wrinkling, skin aging and rough skin texture. The advantages of herbal creams are lower cost, side effect free, environmentally friendly, safe to use. It gives smoothing effect as well as moisturizing effect. It gives fair touch to skin. Herbal cream is designed to improve and maintain the skin barrier function and help to prevent dry skin. It helps in holding on moisture for long time.

Table 1: Uses of ingredients All ingredients are collected from satara near region

Sr. No.	Ingredients	Uses
1	Vitamin E	Protect from uv radiation, antioxidant, antiwrinkle.
2	Night jasmine flower	Antioxidants, antihyperlipidemic, antibacterial, antifungal.
3	Nutmeg	Flavouring agent, carminative, antispot.
4	Petroleum jelly	Base, moisturizer .
5	Rose water	Flavouring agent, cooling agent, emollient.
6	Fruit vinegar	Antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiseptic.
7	Bicarbonic acid	Maintaining moisture.

Table 2: Composition of cream

Sr. No.	Ingredient	Quantity
1	Vitamin E	1 g
2	Night jasmine flower	0.5 g
3	Nutmeg	0.5 g
4	Petroleum jelly	5 g
5	Rose water	0.5 ml
6	Fruit vinegar	0.5 g
7	Bicarbonic acid	1 g
8	Distilled water	10 ml

Table 3: Physical Properties of cream

Sr. No.	Properties	Characteristic
1	Color	Pink
2	Odor	Pleasant
3	Appearance	Semi - solid

Table 4: Spreadabillity of cream

Sr. No.	Formulation	Weight tied to upper slide (m)	Length of glass slide moved (l)	Time taken (t)	Average Spreadabiliy = m×l/t
1	Formula no.1	10g	1.5 ± 0.5cm	30s	0.51g.cm/s

Figure1: Nightjasmine Extract

Figure2: Nutmeg Extract

REFERENCES:

1. Akash S Mali, Karekar P., Dr. Yadav A V. Formulation and Evalution of Multipurpose Herbal Cream. International Journal of science and research, vol 4 issue 11, Nov2015.

2. Ashwini S. Dhase, Somishwar S. Khadbadi and Shweta S. Saboo. Formulation and evaluation of vanishing herbal cream of crude drug. American Journal of Ethnomedicine.Vol.1 No.5,313-318. 2014

3. Avish D Maru, Swaroop R lahoti. Formulation and Evaluation of Moisturizing Cream Containing sunflower wax. Int J Pharma Pharma sci, vol 10, Issue11 ,54-59. Oct 2018.

4. Kew World Checklist of selected Plant families, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis.

5. Saliha Rizvi, Syed T.Raza, Faizal Ahmed, Absar Ahemad, Shania Abbas, Farzana Mahedi. The role of vitamin E in human health and disease. Sultan qaboos univ med j. 14(2): e157-e165.May 2014.

6. Sapda F, Barnes TM, Greive kA. Skin Hydration Is Significantly Increased by a cream Formulated to mimic the skins own natural moisturizing systems. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol .15;11:491-497Oct.2018.

Received on 30.06.2019 Accepted on 30.08.2019

Research J. Topical and Cosmetic Sci. 10(2): July- Dec. 2019 page 45-47.

DOI: 10.5958/2321-5844.2019.00010.4

Sr. No.	Test	Results
1	Thermal stability	Stable, no oil separation
2	pH	6.9